Figure 1. Femur and Patella. The femur is The only bone of your thigh region. It articulates superiorly Along with the hip bone at the hip joint, and inferiorly With all the tibia with the knee joint. The patella only articulates While using the distal finish in the femur.
The patella articulates with the patellar surface area with the femur and so prevents rubbing from the muscle mass tendon from the distal femur. The patella also lifts the tendon away from the knee joint, which boosts the leverage power from the quadriceps femoris muscle mass mainly because it functions through the knee. The patella would not articulate Using the tibia.
The extensor hallucis longus has its origin around the fibula along with the interosseus membrane amongst The 2 other extensors which is, equally to your extensor digitorum, is inserted on the final phalanx of massive toe ("hallux"). The muscle mass dorsiflexes the hallux, and acts comparable to the tibialis anterior in the burden-bearing leg.[29] Two muscles to the lateral aspect on the leg form the fibular (peroneal) team. The fibularis (peroneus) longus and fibularis (peroneus) brevis both have their origins about the fibula, and so they each pass at the rear of the lateral malleolus wherever their tendons move under the fibular retinacula. Beneath the foot, the fibularis longus stretches with the lateral on the medial aspect inside of a groove, thus bracing the transverse arch in the foot. The fibularis brevis is attached within the lateral aspect on the tuberosity with the fifth metatarsal. Alongside one another, these two fibularis muscles type the strongest pronators from the foot.[thirty] The fibularis muscles are very variable, and several variants can occasionally be present.[31]
sleek, articulating surface that sorts the distal and posterior sides in the lateral expansion with the distal femur
The patella articulates Together with the patellar floor on the femur and therefore stops rubbing on the muscle mass tendon in opposition to the distal femur. The patella also lifts the tendon from the knee joint, which enhances the leverage electricity on the quadriceps femoris muscle mass because it acts throughout the knee. The patella doesn't articulate With all the tibia.
The quadriceps could be the knee extensor, though the rectus femoris On top of that flexes the hip joint, and articular muscle on the knee safeguards the articular more info capsule of the knee joint from staying nipped through extension. The sartorius operates superficially and obliquely down about the anterior aspect in the thigh, from your anterior outstanding iliac spine into the pes anserinus about the medial aspect from the knee, from in which it really is more extended into your crural fascia. The sartorius functions like a flexor on each the hip and knee, but, because of its oblique course, also contributes to medial rotation of your leg as among the list of pes anserinus muscles (With all the knee flexed), and to lateral rotation on the hip joint.[23]
Stretching with the ligaments that aid the longitudinal arches can lead to discomfort. This may arise in overweight persons, with Individuals who have Careers that involve standing for lengthy periods of time (such as a waitress), or walking or operating extended distances.
The lesser trochanter is a small, bony prominence that lies within the medial aspect of the femur, just below the neck. Only one, impressive muscle mass attaches on the lesser trochanter. Working among the larger and lesser trochanters to the anterior aspect in the femur will be the roughened intertrochanteric line. The trochanters are also linked around the posterior side in the femur through the bigger intertrochanteric crest.
little ridge working among the increased and lesser trochanters to the anterior facet of your proximal femur
The talus bone from the foot receives the weight of the body from the tibia. The talus bone then distributes this excess weight towards the bottom in two Instructions: one particular-50 percent of your body fat is passed inside of a posterior way and 1-half of the weight is passed within an anterior way.
Consider the illustrations from the tibia, fibula and the bones with the foot witnessed in medial and lateral see in Appendix I.
Check out this site to complete a Digital knee substitution medical procedures. The prosthetic knee factors should be appropriately aligned to operate thoroughly. How Is that this alignment ensured?
wide groove on the lateral side from the distal tibia for articulation With all the fibula on the distal tibiofibular joint
The pelvis or pelvic girdle is definitely an irregular ring of bone made up of the two innominate bones and the sacrum fashioned by five fused vertebrae. Each innominate bone is designed up in the ilium, ischium and pubis, which fuse at the socket for that hip joint. The ilium extends upwards and ends within the iliac crest, which may be felt when positioning ‘palms on hips’.